a proposed explanation or prediction for an observed phenomenon, relationship, or event that has yet to be confirmed. It is essentially the question a research study seeks to answer. Unlike a theory, a hypothesis is not yet supported by extensive evidence but can be tested through a well-designed research protocol.
A scientific hypothesis should be testable, repeatable, and falsifiable (capable of being proven wrong). While a hypothesis can be supported by data, it can never be absolutely proven correct, because new evidence or better explanations may emerge.
Example
In a study on arthritis, researchers propose the hypothesis that “patients who engage in regular low-impact exercise will experience reduced joint pain and improved mobility compared to patients who do not exercise.” This statement predicts an outcome and can be tested, repeated, and potentially refuted through research.